Classroom Door Decorations - Ideas for All Seasons

Your classroom door is the first thing people see when they walk past your classroom. To make sure your door stands out, take the time to create a unique display that represents your students or your teaching style. Create your classroom door decoration display by yourself, or enlist your students to help. By adding a little color and imagination to your classroom, you will have your students beaming with excitement. Fall Sweet Back to School Display A fun and tasty way to welcome your students back to school is to create a door display titled Off to a SWEET Start. Create giant cupcakes and write each students name on each one using sprinkles and glue. For the background, buy pink wrapping paper or use a colorful plastic table cloth. Mount a few colorful, edible lollipops for the students to eat later, and you have yourself a sweet back to school door display. Winter Happy Holidays To create a fantastic winter door display, have each student trace and cut out a medium sized green star. Then have each student place a photograph of themselves on the center of the star. Next, have students decorate stars with craft supplies such as sequins, glitter, markers, pom-poms, rhinestones, ribbon, etc. Once stars are completed, display them in the shape of a Christmas tree with your star in the center. Use red wrapping paper for the background, and brown paper for the stem of the tree. For an added touch, place Christmas lights around and/or throughout the tree. Spring Look at our Garden Grow After a long winter, spring into the season with a cute door decoration that will have the students and faculty beaming when they walk by. Have each student create a flower out of colored construction paper. On each pedal have them write something they have learned so far throughout the school year. Then place their photo in the middle of the flower and on the stem write their name in glitter. To create the backdrop use blue paper to represent the sky, yellow paper to represent the sun and green paper to use as the grass. Mount the flowers all around the grass in various sizes and title it Look at our Garden Grow. Summer End-of-the-Year Display A fun and unique way to end the school year and lead into summer vacation is to enlist the help of your students to create a picnic display. To begin have each student decorate a paper plate with a photo of their self and a favorite memory they have from the school year. Mount the paper plates on a checkered table cloth background and title it _____ Grade Was †¦ A Picnic! For a fun (and gross) touch have students create little ants to place around the classroom door. Additional Ideas Here are a few other ideas I have seen in the classroom, around the internet or made up on my own: Cruising into a New School Year - Create a sea blue backdrop and mount boating and sea items.We are a Class to Tweet About - Mount birds or write Twitter phrases about your students.You Make our School Pop - Create a HUGE popcorn bag and write students names on the kernel.Welcome to the Best Place to Bee - Create a bee hive and place students names on each bee.Mrs._____ Class is Souring to New Heights - Create a HUGE hot air balloon and place students names on each balloon.Hopping into ______ Grade. - Create paper frogs and place each students name on one. Looking for more ideas? Here a few creative bulletin board ideas to try in your classroom.

The Presentation of Isolation in Jane Eyre and the Wide...

Isolation in Jane Eyre and the Wide Sargasso Sea. The theme of isolation is explored in Bronte’s novel; Jane Eyre. This theme is also developed in The Wide Sargasso Sea, by Jean Rhys. Both pieces present different types of isolation, such as isolation due to location and the isolation of a character due to their social status, such as Jane’s status as a governess. The various ways in which isolation is present in each of the texts show how inescapable and unavoidable isolation is for the characters in both Jane Eyre and The Wide Sargasso, with it being present in such a large way in their lives. Physical isolation is present in both texts, with Jane in Jane Eyre and Antoinette in the Wide Sargasso Sea experiencing absolute isolation†¦show more content†¦It also presents the idea that the separation her family experiences is potentially dangerous. Evidence of isolation due to a characters place, or position, in society can be found in both novels. Bronte demonstrates the isolation Jane inflicts upon herself, coming as a result of her awareness of her place in society, in the Chapter 17 of Jane Eyre, which tells of Mr Rochester’s return from his unexpected departure to Gateshead hall, accompanied by numerous guests enjoying a social stay, comprising mainly of games and dinners. Jane intentionally separates herself from Mr Rochester’s prestigious guests as they gather in the study after dinner. After firstly declining her master’s request for her company, anticipating the isolation she will face, stemming from her inferiority in her class, she then goes on to separate herself. Bronte uses the first person narrative to reveal Jane’s feelings, such as in the narrative â€Å"I sit in the shade-if any shade there be in this brilliantly-lit apartments; the window-curtain half hides me†. This demons trates Jane’s need to physically isolate herself from the party, attempting to not only isolate herself from their conversation with a book, but furthermore their presence, trying to hide. This also indicates her vulnerability, which contrasting with the confidence of the other women. This isolates her further. By saying ‘half hides me’ her reservations are highlighted,Show MoreRelatedThe Caribbean History1095 Words   |  4 PagesEuropean, African, and native Arawak/Amerindian, to reinvent and create a voice that entails all of those influences. Walcott redefines and reinvents the literary epic in Omeros and Rhys challenges the ignored narrative of Bertha/Antoinette in Wide Sargasso Sea. In Omeros, I propose on demonstrating how Walcott uses Helen as a symbol of the St. Lucia and how her struggle represents the struggle of the island. I will investigate the images of the victimized Helen of Troy in contrast with this Antillean

Strategy Move Of the Apple Free Samples †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Strategy Move Of the Apple. Answer: Introduction The assignment deals with the strategy move of the Apple as part of the study of strategic management. Strategic management concept deals with the strategies/acts taken by the organisation to achieve competitive advantage. In this process the company must have strong knowledge of the business that is strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. On conducting the SWOT analysis the company can utilise the strengths to minimise the weaknesses. It should grab the opportunities while ignoring the threats. It is simply management of the unfeasible contingencies (Hill et al., 2014). In the assignment the central focus is on the strategy or move of the company in recent time. It is an American based multinational technology company established on April 1, 1976, by Steve Jobs. The company offers various products. It sells computer softwares, consumer electronics, entertainment devices such as DVD players, flatscreens, video games, and others. In the communication category the company se lls cell phones, telephones, and laptops. It also designs and sells printers, computers. The products of the company have always been powerful (www.apple.com, 2018). This is the rationale for the choice of the organisation for study of strategic management. In regards to the organisation chosen the assignment covers the strategy move, why and how the strategy is implemented. Assuming the role of the manger an alternate strategy is suggested with rationale. The report then presents recommendations for the company followed by conclusion. Apple strategy The recent strategy move of the organisation is the iOS storage prices. It went up due to higher NAND flash costs. Apple has been the beneficiary of the NAND flash revolution. The pricing system is considered much better than previous. It is considered favourable for larger capacities. The last Apple SSD prices $2 per gigabyte. It may even rise in 2018. In June 5, 2017, the organisation first announced about the 192GB increment to the base configuration, costs $0.52 per gigabyte. It then announced the next increment, 48GB, costs $0.67 per gigabyte. Further the prices of the iPad Pro models were raised. The price for the models 256GB and 512GB was increased by $50 each. Overall with the strategy the prices have become very competitive (Harris, 2018). Earlier in 2016, the company made huge profit with the users buying 64 gigabyte model of the iPhone 6s /6s plus instead of the 16 gigabyte model. It only takes extra $12 to make the 64 gigabyte model where it earns extra $100 over the 16 gigabyte model. In the 64 GB model the storage is four times bigger (Stenovec, 2018). The storage prices of the company are constant across the capacity. New pricing was later not announced. A couple of weeks later it was found that first 192GB now costs $0.78 per gigabyte.It was also same for the 448GB costsand the same increment was observed in MacBook Pro flash. There was overall parity between the iOS and Mac in storage pricing (Harris, 2018). When compared to 2017, in 2016, the flash storage prices have increased dramatically, which means 50%. The demand for the flash is high. It is due to this demand and the continued growth of the sales of smartphones new iPhones have moved from16GB to 64GB. It is also attributed to the strategy of the large storage capacity in every model (Hern, 2018). The factors considered by the company in product pricing internationally are cost of business, local import laws, currency exchange rate, tax laws, and business practice. The new products of Apple has same price may it be dollar or pounds. It is anticipated that the company is taking advantage of British customers accepting the hike in prices as per EU referendum (Hern, 2018). Analysis of strategy It can be considered a smart move for apple as it removed the price disincentive for the larger capacities. The company has launched a useful product for its customers. The company is using strategies to make the product personal for the consumers. The storage makes the product my iPad for the clients (Shekhar, 2017).The strategy move was possible as the company always focused on the storage and can be believed to be right. It is the high margin part of the business. As the consumers mainly focus on the applications and to ensure the desired performance storage is the tax. There is no doubt that Apple has sincerely invested in the improved flash storage technology. It has enabled the vendors to built more capacity. Although the industry of semiconductors has been through ups and down, it has been of major concern because of the fabs rising cost. Apple can be successful with the flash plants. It is the biggest consumer and innovator, which made it come out successful with the investme nt in the unprofitable plant (Gershon, 2016). In the strategic management study the pricing is considered to be the four Ps of the marketing. It includes product, price, place and promotion. In every B2C strategy the pricing part is one of the key elements. It is also one of the challenging part. Apple has been successful in implementing this strategy. The company could well define its position and created brand strategy. It effectively identified its distribution channels (Hill et al., 2014). According to Kienzler Kowalkowski (2017), the pricing strategy of Apple is known as price skimming. It is the strategy where the price is set high for new products in the market with few competitors. However, with the increase in competition, the prices may be lowered. The pricing strategy indicates about the companys confidence in the flash supply. It appears to be driven by the Toshibas flash business and its winning outcomes. However, it might be better if the Apple resumes on its lower costs considering the Toshiba's new fab launch. I t will relive the supply constraints. The strategy move of Apple seems favourable for the customers and the company. In addition there is the presence of profitable segment with the spot price ($0.11 per gigabyte) for MLC flash chips (Harris, 2018). In the 64 GB model the storage is four times bigger and hance more expensive than the 16 GB model. Kirshner Nediak (2015) considers the scalable pricing system as the answer to design pricing that scales up and down. In this pricing system the organisation is able to capture both types of customer segments. It includes the small customer segment going for cheaper products and other segment that can go for bigger deals. The common weapon for the scalable pricing is the product feature. By packing different versions of the product as in Apple, the version with higher functionality is set at higher price. The number of users and the depth of usage is the other two important parameters considered by Apple in setting high storage price. It means with the increase in number of users, the customer can derive more value. The depth of the usage increases with the increase in storage space and customer want to pay more. Therefore, pricing around storage is automatically increasing the revenue from existing customers every year (Dub Misra, .2017). According to www.researchgate.net, (2018) Apple has the multi-pronged strategy as per which small numbers of products are offered at high profit goal. Therefore, people starve for new products. Using this strategy the company launches premiere product at premium price. The company prices its cheapest product at a mid range with a high quality features. The competitors are trying to develop features same as Apple but at lower prices. Premium pricing is the strategy of offering the newly launched product in the market with similar products at a competitive advantage. The company has effectively used this strategy at the first stage of the product life cycle (Pantelous Passalidou, 2015). The pricing strategy so far was justified as the results of the differentiation method of the Apple. According to Ray Gehani (2013), product differentiation in marketing is the method of distinguishing the product from other products in the particular target market. Product differentiation means manufacturing the product differently from the competitors products as well as the own products of the company. Apple has always been successful in manufacturing its products in innovative manner. Every time the company was successful in creating different products right from 1984 including macintosh to iMac, iPod, and iPad in 2010. The innovation made even the rivals appreciate the product- IOS 7. Hence, the customers are bound to have clear thought about the device and design. Further, credit also goes to strong supply chain of Apple. Three times in arrow it has been ranked first for supply chain (Nielson, 2018). The product strategy of the company has improved the gross margin on the iPhone line. It significantly increased the profits of the company. The strategy of the company is different from other companies like Samsung. The later being vertically integrated makes its own features like memory and display. Samsung is thus creating demand for the AM-OLED technology. In this context the Apples move to leave the base model at 16-gigabytes is very tactical. The global market of Samsung comprises of 32% out of which 12% may be for Apple. Against the 46% of the Samsung, the sales volume of Apple is increased to 23% (Harris, 2018). Despite the product excellence, the premium pricing and price skimming strategy used by Apple to have its own limitations. It is the platform nature of the Smartphone and in this type of the market the competitive advantage is the huge market share. As this is the merging market the smartphones and tablets manufacturers experience maximum growth. Consequently, there are many outstanding quality gadgets sold at lower prices. The company has the edge in product quality. It is the matter of preference by individual customers. Since people have different viewpoints it may be debatable. There are many countries where the alternatives from Samsung, Amazon, are attracting customers. The alternative products although much cheaper than the Apples products are improving day by day. This is the matter of concern given the fact that it is the platform market. It may be difficult for Apple to lead the market in the future as it is surrendering more market sharein India, China and other countries (Derdenger Kumar, 2013). Alternate strategy and rationale As the manger of the company the aim would be to deliver value through product leadership. The aim would be to avoid discounting heavily. The strategy would be to reduce the price conflicts with channel partners and avoid competing on price. The rationale for the move is the influence of the price on the perception of the market about company offerings (Reimann, Schilke, Thomas, 2010). It is not goal to let the market perceive the product as the commodity. Therefore, the focus will be on innovating the methods to keep the prices low and yet make the profit. The only concern with Apples product in the market is the expensive nature for high quality, when compared to other products such as Google, Amazon, and other vendors. As a manger I will try to link the price to the value gained by customer on using the product. I believe in having clear alignment between price and the value. According to Nagle, Hogan Zale (2016) the price should have strong message for the consumers and reflect the companys values. Since the operational efficiency is ensured the price must be high. Setting lower price and aiming for customer intimacy may let people doubt if the luxury item is even luxury. Therefore, competitors prices must be analysed properly. Owing to the Toshiba's new fab launch, the prices must be lowered anyway. At this point the company may opt for the penetration pricing. On the other hand, innovative measures are required to not compromise on the operational efficiency. The markets where the consumers are very sensitive to the price fluctuations, it would be effective to increase volume while selling at lower price (Osei, 2017). Penetration pricing is the strategy to gain the market share, by lowering the prices of the products when the market has many more competitors (Spann, Fischer Tellis, 2014). After the strong market penetration I would aim for raising th e prices to a profit level and to level where more number can afford to buy product. The above mentioned alternate strategy would be justified considering the fact that premium strategy would be beneficial only till the product is sustaining its competitive advantage. In future, there are high chances that the brand may lose its aspiration status with increasing competition from low cost smartphones. Further, there are also chances that Apples products may gain saturation in the developing market (Zhang, 2017). Therefore, I believe that it would be risky to continue with high end niche name. In the last the few years Apple has showed slow iPhone sales with nose-divided iPad sales growth. Although Apple has very strong position in iPhone in US market, it is losing shares in other countries. There are many instances in past where Apple has underperformed trying to maintain the super-high profit margin. On the other hand the Googles Android is trying to dominating the smartphones platform (Blodget, 2018). Therefore, the overall aim would be to maintain simple price stra tegy to avoid confusing buyers with too many options. Recommendations The trend to built brand awareness by low cost devices is expected by the experts to continue and intensify in coming years to come. It means in the future the focus should not be on the low-end gadgets. Instead the objective should be to use the phenomenal profitability as a competitive tool argued (Spann, Fischer Tellis, 2014).). It is suggested by the experts that Apple should sell some of its old gadgets (and not the latest one) at lower prices. It may be sold if the prices are very high than the similar local alternatives. The different product line of 5S and 5C,of iphone has premium pricing strategy. It is suggested that Apple should not have same price for both the products. If the company is offering any of its products at cheaper price then it is either weak or small and old. Despite having high quality alternative in the market Apple is selling Mini at price which is greater than high quality alternatives. It is recommended that the pricing strategy should be such that the company must sell its latest version of particular product (say Mini) at high price while keeping a competitive price for other recent models. The modification in prices are recommended by the experts as Apple is high profit making company and it would be easy for the organisation to spare a little profit. It is believed that the slight modification in the pricing strategy would not cost too much for the company. Further, action of the company that is under criticism is not competing on price under the right condition. The company is catering to the mainstream price sensitive market through iPhone 5C. It is only good method to set lower price at the time of development of the product during early stage of new company. It is not considered to maintain the same pricing system when rivals like Samsung are offering products in high-end and low-end markets. The sales of the smartphones are surging and hence Samsung is gaining traction in emerging market. In this situation it may be called right condition to call for lower cost options. There are buyers who buy a branded product when the price is justified according to them. Apples decision to serve price sensitive market with low iphone price can pay off in a big way. It may happen so if it continues to sell its high end products to higher-end consumers (Wambui, 2013). Since the company has well tired its products with different models of iPods, iPad, laptops and desktops, it could appeal a wide variety of buyers. The company never sacrificed on the high-end brand reputation.Chiang) recommends tired pricing as it would be effective for Apples SaaS business as et al. (2018), it can appeal different customer segments. The main objective of the tired pricing is to focus on value instead of dollars as profit. Conclusion The report clearly highlights the pricing strategy of Apple for competitive advantage. In this context the report explains the iOS storage prices of Apple. The report has explained as to bow the strategy was implemented and underling causes. The premium and price skimming strategy of Apple has been beneficial for the company in many ways. Apple well defined its position and created brand strategy. Owing to the product differentiation method, the storage pricing system was successful. The high price system of Apple may be beneficial in generating high profits for the company, it came out with limitations. The company has the edge in product quality, but alternative products from rivals at cheaper prices are a matter of concern in long run. It is considered to better to deliver the product leadership strategy. As a manager, personal decision would be to innovate the methods to keep the prices low and yet make the profit with new products. I would aim for raising the prices to a profit level and to level where more number can afford to buy product. I would opt for penetration pricing strategy after the strong market penetration. It is justified as in future; the brand may lose its aspiration status with increasing competition from low cost smartphones and saturation in market. Overall I would ensure the pricing strategy is simple enough. Further, the company is recommended to take advantage of the phenomenal profitability. Due to emerging alternative products at lower prices from rivals the Apples decision to serve price sensitive market with low iphone price can pay off in a big way. Apple is also recommended to go for tired pricing strategy. The assignment has enhanced my knowledge on the strategic management especially in regards to pricing and product strategy. References Blodget, H. (2018).Come On, Apple Fans, It's Time To Admit That The Company Is Blowing It.Business Insider. Retrieved 28 February 2018, from https://www.businessinsider.in/Come-On-Apple-Fans-Its-Time-To-Admit-That-The-Company-Is-Blowing-It/articleshow/25838001.cms Chiang, M., Ha, S., Sen, S., Joe-Wong, C. (2018).U.S. Patent No. 9,865,009. Washington, DC: U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. Derdenger, T., Kumar, V. (2013). The dynamic effects of bundling as a product strategy.Marketing Science,32(6), 827-859. Dub, J. P., Misra, S. (2017).Scalable price targeting(No. w23775). National Bureau of Economic Research. Gershon, R. A. (2016).Digital media and innovation: Management and design strategies in communication. SAGE Publications. Harris, R. (2018).Apple's strategic move on storage pricing: Much better for larger capacities | ZDNet.ZDNet. Retrieved 28 February 2018, from https://www.zdnet.com/article/apples-strategic-move-on-storage-pricing/ Hern, A. (2018).New iPhones: why is Apple's pricing the same in pounds and dollars?.the Guardian. Retrieved 28 February 2018, from https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2017/sep/13/apple-iphone-x-launch-uk-prices-dollar-parity Hill, C. W., Jones, G. R., Schilling, M. A. (2014).Strategic management: theory: an integrated approach. Cengage Learning. Kienzler, M., Kowalkowski, C. (2017). Pricing strategy: A review of 22 years of marketing research.Journal of Business Research,78, 101-110. Kirshner, S. N., Nediak, M. (2015). Scalable dynamic bid prices for network revenue management in continuous time.Production and Operations Management,24(10), 1621-1635. Nagle, T. T., Hogan, J., Zale, J. (2016).The Strategy and Tactics of Pricing: New International Edition. Routledge. Nielson, S. (2018).Market Realist.Marketrealist.com. Retrieved 1 March 2018, from https://marketrealist.com/2014/02/apple-valuation-compared-peers Osei, G. (2017). Customer Intimacy Adoption and its impact on Organisational Performance.Journal of Research in Marketing,8(1), 600-616. Pantelous, A. A., Passalidou, E. (2015). Optimal premium pricing strategies for competitive general insurance markets.Applied Mathematics and Computation,259, 858-874. Ray Gehani, R. (2013). Innovative strategic leader transforming from a low-cost strategy to product differentiation strategy.Journal of technology management innovation,8(2), 144-155. Reimann, M., Schilke, O., Thomas, J. S. (2010). Toward an understanding of industry commoditization: Its nature and role in evolving marketing competition.International Journal of Research in Marketing,27(2), 188-197. Shekhar, S. (2017).Homing choice and platform pricing strategy(No. 247). DICE Discussion Paper. Spann, M., Fischer, M., Tellis, G. J. (2014). Skimming or penetration? Strategic dynamic pricing for new products.Marketing Science,34(2), 235-249. Spann, M., Fischer, M., Tellis, G. J. (2014). Skimming or penetration? Strategic dynamic pricing for new products.Marketing Science,34(2), 235-249. Stenovec, T. (2018).Here's how much money Apple makes when you buy a 64GB iPhone instead of a 16GB model.Business Insider. Retrieved 28 February 2018, from https://www.businessinsider.in/Heres-how-much-money-Apple-makes-when-you-buy-a-64GB-iPhone-instead-of-a-16GB-model/articleshow/51577479.cms Wambui, E. (2013). Samsung Smartphone strategic marketing: analysis of Samsung Smartphone marketing strategy decisions and the consumer perception to the implemented strategies. www.apple.com. (2018).Business.Apple. Retrieved 28 February 2018, from https://www.apple.com/business/ www.researchgate.net. (2018).What are Apple's pricing strategies?.www.researchgate.net. Retrieved 28 February 2018, from https://www.researchgate.net/post/What_are_Apples_pricing_strategies Zhang, Q. (2017). Research on Apple Incs Current Developing Conditions.Open Journal of Business and Management,6(01), 39.

Rise and fall of white supremacist groups

The Relationship between Poetry and Music in Whitmans Life and Work

The Relationship between Poetry and Music in Whitmans Life and Work Music and especially Italian opera had a significant impact upon the poetic style and life of Walt Whitman. Fond of music and fascinated with opera performances, Whitman wanted to spread the idea of the beauty of music to the masses.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Relationship between Poetry and Music in Whitman’s Life and Work specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The opera performances have become a source of pleasure and inspiration for the poet. Whitman was amused with opera as a multi-layered canvas combining the features of drama, music, dance and poetry and tried to use opera allusions and singing voice for extending the traditional frames of poetry. The phrases ‘I see’ and ‘I hear’ are interchangeable throughout the text of Whitman’s poems and appeal to the readers’ imagination for intensifying the effect produced by other language means and stylistic devices use d in his works. The poems â€Å"Song of Myself† and â€Å"Proud Music of the Storm† which were included into Whitman’s collection of poems Leaves of Grass demonstrate the impact of music and opera upon the poetic style, images and rhythmic contour of Whitman’s poetry. Authenticity of Whitman’s poems The collection of poems Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman represents the result of the poet’s searches for himself and his contribution to authenticity of American poetry. As it was cited in the book by Skaggs Overtones of Opera in American Literature from Whitman to Wharton, commenting on his works published in Leaves of Grass, Whitman admitted that he needed to find himself and his niche in American literature so that to create those poems first published in 1855 (Skaggs 13). Whitman acknowledged the influence of Emerson, another outstanding American poet who promoted the idea of authenticity of American poetry and supported Whitman in finding hi s unique style.Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Under the influence of Emerson’s aesthetics, the traditional American democratic ideals, including those of democratic equality, diversity and self-reliance, have become the central themes of Whitman’s poems (Loving 355). In â€Å"A Backward Glance O’er Travel’d Roads†, one of works included into the 1889 edition of Leaves of Grass, Whitman admitted that contributing to authenticity of American poetry was his primary inclination in selecting the themes and motives for this collection of poems: â€Å"I would sing, and leave out or put in, quite solely with reference to America and today† (Skaggs 13). It is significant that treating his works as songs of democracy, Whitman indicates not only content of his poems, but also their form and rhythmical contour. Whereas Emerson’s ae sthetics had a significant impact upon the selection and molding of Whitman’s ideals, the musical rhythms and particularly Italian opera influenced the poet’s meter-making methods. Bringing the beauty of music to the masses Faithful to the ideals of American democracy in his works and personal life, Whitman highly appreciated the music and was aimed at bringing its beauty to the masses in his poems. Whitman rejected the stereotype that only the wealthy elite can understand the aesthetic value of music and emphasized the role of music in public education and civic life. The poet admitted that making music a regular branch of studies at schools could have a positive impact upon the minds and habits of American youth. Developing his ideas, Whitman pointed out at the vital role of music in establishing the national identity of American people: â€Å"The subtlest spirit of a nation is expressed through its music – and the music acts reciprocally upon the nation†™s very soul† (Skaggs 14). In Whitman’s opinion, music and songs can help a nation to express their concerns and feelings. First, Whitman differentiated the music of feeling and the music of art. Later on, in the process of evolution of his views, he concluded that music can become a spiritualizing force for a democratic society and an art form for expressing the democratic ideals in his poetry. These changes can be explained with the inner conflict in Whitman’s soul. He was always fond of music, but when Italian opera first came to New York in 1825, most journalists criticized it for its falsity, and Whitman inevitably undergone the influence of this prevailing negative opinion.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Relationship between Poetry and Music in Whitman’s Life and Work specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The critics claimed that opera singers sounded unnatural expressing their pas sion or revenge in songs because people do not sing in real life. However, after closer acquaintance with opera, Whitman was fascinated with its beauty and spiritualizing force and decided to spread its beauty to the masses by interpreting opera in his poems. Opera as a source of inspiration and vocational necessity Though Whitman was fond of music in general and appreciated various musical genres, his discovery of opera allowed him to apply its musical forms in poetry. The spiritualizing force of opera was helpful for expressing human feelings and describing their experiences. Whitman’s acquaintance with opera started as vocational necessity. As a journalist, he had to attend and review numerous opera performances. Thus, this vocational necessity allowed Whitman to hear and see the best of European and American opera singers. First, Whitman like most of his compatriots did not appreciate the beauty of opera because of his outdated musical tastes. However, his journalist prac tice which coincided with the golden years of opera in America fostered the evolution of his tastes and made opera not only Whitman’s favorite form of art, but an important device which the poet implemented in composing his later works. There is evidence that Whitman continued looking for the opportunities to attend opera performances even during the years of the Civil War (Skaggs 16). Moreover, even after his journalist career was over, the poet sought for opera experiences which remained the source of his amusement and inspiration. There is historical evidence that the personality of an outstanding opera singer of the period Marietta Alboni and her proclamation of the principles of Aural beauty and nonchalance in opera art influenced Whitman’s style significantly (Schmidgall 52). The years of Whitman’s fascination for opera coincided with the years of his work on the poems which later were published in the collection of poems Leaves of Grass. Advertising Looking for essay on art and design? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More For this reason, the influence of opera upon Whitman’s writing style can be identified in the interplay of images, rhythmical contour and stylistic devices of the poems included into the book, such as â€Å"Song of Myself† and â€Å"Proud Music of the Storm†, for example. Singing voice in â€Å"Song of Myself† Aimed at spreading the democratic ideals and the beauty of music to the masses, in translating the power of opera to the wide audience in his poems, Whitman found the opportunities for poetic self-expression and including the singing voice into his works for enhancing their aesthetic value. It should be noted that opera as an art form is a hybrid genre which incorporates the features of not only music, but also drama, dance and poetry. Opera as a multi-layered canvas attracted Whitman’s attention with the variety of opportunities for poetic self-expression. As a poet, Whitman lacked the methods which can be used in music and dance and decided to incorporate a singing voice into his poetry which allowed him to overcome the inadequacy of words and turned out to be a breath of fresh air into American poetry. The poem â€Å"Song of Myself† can be regarded as Whitman’s aesthetic confession in which he proclaims his main goals for using opera allusions and touching upon the democratic ideals in his works. The opening of the poem resembles poet’s sociopolitical identification and proclamation of his philosophical and aesthetic principles (Williams 49). An important principle of Whitman’s poetry is celebration of the power of human voice which is connected to the body and can go beyond the primary meanings of words. In the poem â€Å"Song of Myself†, Whitman proclaims: â€Å"I am the poet of the Body and I am the poet of the Soul† (Skaggs 19). The singer disappears and these are only his pure voice and its sound that are left to for the audience. Thus, incorporating opera allusions into his works and translating his personal perception of opera into a singing voice, Whitman extended the traditional frames of poetry and intended to reach the invisible dimensions of reality in his songs which would be impossible without using a stylistic device which allowed using the text of a poem as a multi-layered canvas. The readers of the poems by Whitman are expected to see more than the surface of his words. â€Å"My voice goes after what my eyes cannot reach† (Skaggs 19). In general, in his poem â€Å"Song of Myself† Whitman explained his understanding of the role of a singing voice in enhancing the aesthetic value of his works and improving their inner working for communicating the democratic ideals and the idea of the beauty of music to the intended audience. In the poem under consideration, Whitman manipulates the language material, paying special attention to the connection between the speech and the corresponding vision of poetic reality. Starting from th e poet’s personal amusement, Whitman’s fascination of opera grew into his desire to share his impression with this splendid form of art with his audience and translate certain fragments of opera performances in his poems for making them understandable for wide audiences. Thus, the poems by Whitman were expected to become a bridge between the opera as a form of art and masses whose musical tastes were unprepared for perceiving the opera performances and appreciating their beauty and aesthetic value. On the other hand, the role of opera allusions in Whitman’s poems was not limited to fostering love of music in masses. The singing voice was also significant for enriching the meaning of Whitman’s poems and adding special appeals to his works so that to allow readers to see much more than is actually said by words. Along with devices and multi-layered canvas, Whitman borrowed his extraordinary rhythmical patterns from opera. For example, a well-known literatur e critic Malcolm Cowley in his introduction to the collection of poems Leaves of Grass, admitted that the structure of Whitman’ poem â€Å"Song of Myself† was rather psychological than logical (Thomas 212). This work is more than a mere poem in terms of its rhythm and tone, and is closer to the form of rhapsody. As opposed to his predecessors and even to his own poems written earlier, Whitman used wavelike flow for â€Å"Song of Myself†. Analyzing the tone of the poem which changes its tempos, raising at the moments of climax and falling in other episodes, it can be stated that the rhythmical contour of the poem resembles a musical progression as opposed to the traditional geometrical figure used by other poets. Thus, the rhythmical contour becomes an influential factor affecting the readers’ perception of Whitman’s poems which should be taken into consideration for evaluating not only the imp[act of opera forms upon the poet’s heritage, but also the aesthetic value of Whitman’s poems in general. Hearing and seeing in â€Å"Proud Music of the Storm† The poem â€Å"Proud Music of the Storm† is another example which illustrates the influence of Italian opera upon the images, language style and contours of Whitman’s works. The singing voice was an effective method use by Whitman in his poems for enriching the meaning of words by influencing the readers’ perception of the language materials. T he poetic representations of singing and seeing are interrelated and mutually dependent in Whitman’s poetry because even the phrases ‘I see’ and ‘I sing’ give way to one another, as it can be observed throughout the texts of Whitman’s poems (Skaggs 29). The experiences of ‘seeing’, ‘hearing’ and ‘feeling’ are interlaced in the text of the poem â€Å"Proud Music of the Storm† at the intersection of the sounds of nat ure and the author’s opera experiences. Even admiring the sounds of nature in this poem, Whitman draws upon opera for expressing the depth of his feelings and evoking the intended emotional reactions in his readers. Praising the music of storm at the beginning of the poem, in the line 75, Whitman mentions ‘Italia’s peerless compositions’ and emphasizes the role of opera singers in awakening of his soul. This approach allows communicating the author’s idea of the beauty of opera performances and the ability of this art to reveal the deepest emotions and the strongest human feelings. Whitman recalls his personal associations between the sounds of storm, episodes from opera performances and the feelings expressed by the opera heroes and heroines on the stage. Describing his opera experiences, Whitman uses the phrases ‘I see’ and ‘I hear’ which not only demonstrate the multi-layered canvas used in operas, but also appeal to rea ders’ senses for enhancing the effects produced by the language materials. Coming across the phrases ‘I see’ and ‘I hear’ in the text of the poem, the readers are expected to use their imagination for perceiving the images created by the author and hearing the sounds of nature and the singing voice for receiving the poet’s messages at their fullest. In the line 94, Whitman mentions Alboni and compares her to ‘sister of loftiest gods’ (Skaggs 30). This simile and opera allusion demonstrate the author’s fascination of opera performances in general and the specific impact of Alboni’s personal talent upon Whitman’s aesthetic taste and poetic style. Whitman paid special attention to the sound composition of this poem uniting the sounds of the sea and opera into the poetic whole and expresses his claim in the phrases â€Å"Give me to hold all sounds (I madly struggling cry,)/ Fill me with all the voices of the univ erse† (Skaggs 29). The poet creates the links between the processes in the world of nature and the motives of the opera performances, associating the sea storm with the plot lines of passion in love, the tragedy of suicide and the outrage of revenge. It should be noted that the initial title of the poem was â€Å"Proud Music of the Sea-Storm† which was later revised by the author by omitting the word sea which according to the systems of Whitman’s poetic concepts, symbolizes the cosmic life processes (Skaggs 30). Taking into account the fact that his personal interpretation of symbolic meaning of the concept of sea can be not understood by some readers, the pet deleted the word sea so that not to limit the readers’ imagination in decoding the meaning of the word storm, its sounds and processes. The lines â€Å"Poems bridging the way from Life to Death, vaguely wafted in night air, uncaught, unwritten† express Whitman’s primary concern in crea ting the sound effects of the storm and communicating his ideas to the readers (Skaggs 30). Thus, the opera allusions, sound whole and the singing voice used in â€Å"Proud Music of the Storm† intensify the impression produced by the poem upon the readers by involving their imagination for translating the author’s symbols and understanding his philosophical ideas. Conclusion In general, it can be concluded that love of music and fascination of opera experiences played an important role in Whitman’s personal life and development of his poetic aesthetics. The instances of opera allusions and a singing voice can be detected in Whitman’s poems â€Å"Song of Myself† and â€Å"Proud Music of the Storm† which allowed the poet to extend the traditional frames of poetry and intensify the effect produced by the actual language material of his poems, making readers look beyond the surface of the words and using their imagination for not only reading, b ut also hearting the sounds and seeing the images created by the poet. Loving, Jerome. Walt Whitman: The Song of Himself. Los Angeles: University of California Press, 1999. Google Books. Web. Schmidgall, Gary. Walt Whitman: A Gay Life. New York: Dutton Press, 1997. Print. Skaggs, Carmen. Overtones of Opera in American Literature from Whitman to Wharton. Baton Rouge: Louisiana State University Press, 2010. Google Books. Web. Thomas M. Alexander. John Deweys theory of art, experience, and nature: the horizons of feeling. Albany: State University of New York Press. 1978. Google Books. Web. Williams, Charles. On Whitman. Princeton: Princeton University Press, 2010. Print.

Types of Human Cloning Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 2

Types of Human Cloning - Research Paper Example During the period of 2006, FDA approved the use of cloned products such as plants and animals for the dietary purpose of individuals living in the US. Human cloning is a term used to define the creation of a genetically similar copy of a human being (MacKinnon 9). In this research the focus will not be cloning of animals and plants, rather the focus will be on human cloning, types of human cloning and the advantages and disadvantages associated with it. Reproductive cloning is one form of human cloning which is used to produce one or more than one individuals who are genetically identical to each other. During the period of the 1990s, the process of reproductive cloning was utilized in order to create identical clones of mammals such as sheep and pigs and one of the most famous examples of this activity was the production of Dolly (MacKinnon 56). Later several countries started banning the process in order to put a stop to the process of reproductive cloning for human beings. Another form of human cloning is DNA cloning which is even regarded as molecular cloning or cloning of the gene or recombinant DNA technology which is used to refer to the procedure through which multiple replicas of an individual fragment of DNA is created (MacKinnon 139). This kind of cloning can be conducted in several forms, for example, cloning of entire fragment of the gene can be conducted or a portion of the fragment of the DNA can be cloned or certain sequences of the DNA can be cloned. There are four steps involved in the process of DNA cloning, these include, fragmentation in which string of DNA is divided, the next step is the ligation part in which different parts of DNA are glued together in a sequence that is desirable, the third step is recognized as transfection, in this step the newly created DNA is inserted into cells and the last step is recognized as selection in which those cells that were transfected successfully with the DNA are selected (MacKinnon 116).

Sea Levels and Melting Glaciers Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Sea Levels and Melting Glaciers - Research Paper Example They continue to say it’s a myth regardless of recent, clearly observable weather anomalies such as record heat, droughts, storms and floods in addition to melting ice caps and glaciers causing rising sea levels. These climate events were predicted by scientists’ years ago. Others admit the earth is warming but deny the source claiming naturally occurring global temperature cycles are to blame. By simply acknowledging the facts and ignoring political agendas, man’s impact on climate change becomes clear, unlike the air we breathe. Man-produced air pollutants, chiefly carbon dioxide, are commonly referred to as â€Å"greenhouse gases.† Carbon dioxide is emitted naturally by mammals when they breathe out and taken in by growing plant life. This cycle does not pollute the air, however, carbon dioxide emitted into the atmosphere from the use of fossil fuels such as coal and oil by factories, electric power plants and automobiles not only pollutes the air but i s causing an imbalance of the earth’s greenhouse effect. Part of the sun’s energy is reflected back into space by the atmosphere while part is allowed through and warms the earth. Naturally occurring substances in the atmosphere, including carbon dioxide, keep this balance and the earth’s temperature relatively constant. ... We have records of massive hurricanes striking what’s now New York as far back as the mid-13th century.† (Cooke, 2012). However, the warming seas, altered currents and higher sea levels due to higher climate temperatures made the storm larger, directed it on a path closer to the coast and amplified the reach of inland flooding. It seems reasonable to assume that global warming deniers, in general, have not objectively researched the available data. The oil and coal industry tries to sway public opinion by spending millions to convince people â€Å"clean energy† is too expensive and not yet a viable option while hyping their own efforts to reduce carbon emissions such as by using â€Å"clean coal† technology, a process that does not exists. â€Å"The airwaves are filled with corporate-financed climate misinformation.† (Begley, 2011). Even those who refuse to believe the scientific data cannot escape the undeniable reality that unusually extreme weathe r events are taking place more frequently. â€Å"Worldwide, the litany of weather’s extremes has reached biblical proportions.† (Begley, 2011). In 2010 Texas experienced a record drought. Many parts of the state did not have rain the entire year. Nearly1000 tornadoes ripped across the nation’s Midwest killing hundreds of people and causing billions of dollars in damage while record flooding inundated this region. Flooding in Australia and Pakistan left millions homeless. Heat waves in Europe and Russian have killed thousands. China, like Texas, endured drought conditions in most of 2010 which destroyed several millions acres that were once fertile farmlands. Sea levels are rising by varying degrees on almost every coastline. This is just the beginning and the worst is yet to