German Peasants War (1524 †1525) Reformation Uprising

The German Peasants War was the rebellion of agrarian peasants in the southern and central parts of German-speaking central Europe against the rulers of their cities and provinces. Urban poor joined in the rebellion as it spread to cities. Context In Europe in the mid-16th century, German-speaking parts of central Europe were loosely organized under the Holy Roman Empire (which, as has often been said, was not holy, Roman, nor really an empire). Aristocrats ruled small city-states or provinces, subject to loose control by Charles V of Spain, then the Holy Roman Emperor, and by the Roman Catholic Church, which taxed the local princes. The feudal system was ending, where there was an assumed mutual trust and mirrored obligations and responsibilities between peasants and the princes, as princes sought to increase their power over the peasants and to consolidate ownership of land. The institution of Roman law rather than medieval feudal law meant that the peasants lost some of their standing and power. Reformation  preaching, changing economic conditions, and a history of revolts against authority also likely played a part in the rebellion’s initiation. The rebels were not rising against the Holy Roman Empire, which had little to do with their lives in any case, but against the Roman Catholic Church and more local nobles, princes, and rulers. The Revolt The first revolt as at Stà ¼hlingen, and then it spread. As the rebellion began and spread, the rebels rarely attacked violently except to capture supplies and cannons. Large scale battles began after April, 1525.  The princes had hired mercenaries and built up their armies, and then turned to crush the peasants, who were untrained and poorly armed in comparison. Twelve Articles of Memmingen A list of demands of the peasants was in circulation by 1525. Some related to the church: more power of congregation members to select their own pastors, changes in tithing. Other demands were secular: stopping land enclosure which cut off access to fish and game and other products of the woods and rivers, ending serfdom, reform in the justice system. Frankenhausen The peasants were crushed in a battle at Frankenhausen, fought May 15, 1525. More than 5,000 peasants were killed, and the leaders captured and executed. Key Figures Martin Luther, whose ideas inspired some of the princes in German-speaking Europe to break with the Roman Catholic Church, opposed the peasant rebellion. He preached peaceful action by the peasants in his  An Exhortation of Peace in Response to the Twelve Articles of the Swabian Peasants.  He taught that peasants had a responsibility to farm the land and rulers had the responsibility to keep the peace. Just at the end as the peasants were losing, Luther published his  Against the Murderous, Thieving Hordes of Peasants.  In this, he encouraged a violent and quick reaction on the part of the ruling classes. After the war was over and the peasants defeated, he then criticized the violence by the rulers and the continued suppression of peasants.   Thomas Mà ¼ntzer or Mà ¼nzer, another Reformation minister in Germany, supported the peasants, by the early part of 1525 had definitely joined the rebels, and may have consulted with some of their leaders to shape their demands. His vision of a church and the world used images of a small â€Å"elect† battling a greater evil to bring good into the world. After the end of the revolt, Luther and other Reformers held up Mà ¼ntzer as an example of taking the Reformation too far. Among the leaders who defeated Mà ¼ntzer’s forces at Frankenhausen  were  Philip of Hesse, John of Saxony, and Henry and George of Saxony. Resolution As many as 300,000 people took part in the rebellion, and some 100,000 were killed. The peasants won almost none of their demands. The rulers, interpreting the war as a reason for repression, instituted laws that were more repressive than before, and often decided to repress more unconventional forms of religious change, too, thus slowing the progress of the Protestant Reformation.

Machiavelli and Odysseus - 4336 Words

Power and Leadership The Connection of Power and Leadership between The Odyssey and The Prince Research Assignment Stories in Diverse Media LAPS/HUMA 1780 Prepared for: Dr. Gillian Helfield Mr. Julian Manyoni Prepared by: Samuel James Ysip 212-697-983 Power and Leadership Power and leadership play a big role in accomplishing the objectives of a team. A person having these two attributes can direct a group of people towards achieving their common goal. These two components of authority are also essential to each other in order for the leader to be successful. Power is a person’s ability to influence others and leadership is a person’s talent to guide a group of people to achieve their common goal. A person that has power†¦show more content†¦This confrontation is an evidence of Odysseus showing incorrect compassion towards Eurylochus. Although Odysseus showed a sign of disappointment, he never really punished him which led to more disobedience by Eurylochus. It also showed that he considers his men’s view of his actions. His actions confirmed that he would rather show compassion than cruelty by being stopped by his men from killing Eurylochus through their pleading. By not taking the necessary actions on Eurylochus’ behaviour, he was able to persuade Odysseus to land on the island of Thrinakia where Helios keeps his cattle despite Circes advice to stay away from Helios’ belongings. When they landed on the Island where the cattle are, Eurylochus again stirred up trouble by persuading the crew members that it’s fine to eat the cattle of Helios while Odysseus was asleep. Eurylochus said, â€Å". . . hunger is the sorriest way to die and encounter fate . . . let us cut out the best of Helios cattle and sacrifice them to the immortals who hold wide heaven . . . and if we ever come back to Ithaca . . . we will build a rich temple to the Sun God Helios.† (12. 342-346). This final incident that Eurylochus was able stir up became the main reason of the crew members’ death and also Eurylochus. Odysseus should have made the right decision of eliminating Eurylochus when he first started to disregard his superiority on the Island of Aeaea. OdysseusShow MoreRelatedAnalysis Of Hom er s Odyssey And Machiavelli s The Prince2325 Words   |  10 PagesGod to self, religion to self-awareness. In Homer’s Odyssey, the long held tradition that the gods of Mount Olympus controlled one’s fate changed into the people forgoing their beliefs and believing they were able to create their own destiny. For Machiavelli and The Prince, a similar change occurred, but this change focused on politics and preserving oneself in the face of the public so one may control them thoroughly. On the surface, The Odyssey, supports the importance of tradition and yet provesRead MoreA Historical Views Of Leadership1438 Words   |  6 Pagesphilosophers’ views in order to demonstrate that leaders differed greatly in the perception of leadership, there are lots of views of what it means to be a successful leader. †¢ These philosophers include: Bass, Carlyle, Tolstoy, Plato, Aristotle, Machiavelli, Lao-tzu, Gandhi, and Du Bois. 9 – Concepts of Leadership: The Beginnings – Bernard M. Bass †¢ Leadership is one of the world’s oldest preoccupations. †¢ In the Iliad, higher transcended goals are emphasized: ‘He serves me most, who serves his countryRead MoreThe Role of the Artistic Director in a Theater Production2388 Words   |  10 Pagesin 1564 and died in 1593. He was a spy, a poet, and a playwright within the sixteenth century. One of his known plays was The Tragicall History of Doctor Faustus. Machiavelli: Machiavelli was born in 1513 BCE and he was an assistant to the Medicis. He wrote a play known as The Mandrake, which was based on Roman comedy. Machiavelli took the existing story of The Mandrake and made it his own. The Mandrake was written in Italian and it focused on a servant who had a burning desire to sleep with aRead MoreBroken Family3761 Words   |  16 PagesInfluenced by: Socrates, Homer, Hesiod, Aristophanes, Aesop, Protagoras, Parmenides, Pythagoras, Heraclitus, Orphism Influenced: Most of subsequent western philosophy, including Aristotle, Augustine, Neoplatonism, Cicero, Plutarch, Stoicism, Anselm, Machiavelli, Descartes, Hobbes, Leibniz, Mill, Schopenhauer, Kierkegaard, Nietzsche, Heidegger, Arendt, Gadamer, Imam Khomeini, Russell and countless other philosophers and theologians A .Masterpieces 1. phaedo BY: PLATO The Phaedo is acknowledged to

Healthcare Systems Essay Research Paper IntroductionThe Fargo free essay sample

Healthcare Systems Essay, Research Paper IntroductionThe Fargo, North Dakota health care market is served by many different doctors and infirmaries. This country includes an eastern North Dakota and a part of western Minnesota. St. Luke? s Hospital and the Fargo Clinic are both major participants in this part. St. Luke? s was a community not-for-profit infirmary, and the Fargo Clinic was two separate for-profit corporations. Until late, they have been runing as separate entities. In 1986, they formed a partnership and proceeded to run individually but under the trade name of MeritCare. This was done to place both of the companies for future growing, amalgamation, or enlargement. As of January 1, 1993, the restructured non-profit-making organisation had been working as one. The official amalgamation day of the month was set for July 1, 1993. It is felt that the amalgamation will let both organisations to cut costs and increase stableness by extinguishing duplicate of installations and services, increasing overall efficiency, and supplying better economic systems of graduated table. The ultimate end of the amalgamation will be to supply an incorporate, cost-efficient system of attention that will be appealing to the market they operate within.BackgroundThe Fargo-Moorhead Metro Area that these installations serve had a 1990 population of over 150,000. The entire market country includes another 215,000 individuals. Medicare, Blue Cross/Blue Shield along with other traditional signifiers of wellness insurance, dominates the payor market. HMO? s and PPO? s make up less than five per centum of the market. The entire market country has 14.6 % of the population over 65, which is higher than the national norm. This figure should assist explicate the importance of the Medicare market. The Fargo Clinic, in 1993, had 250 doctors in 30 locations. Five of these are larger clinics, with the remainder being smaller community-based installations. They had over a million patient visits in 1992, with over half coming from Minnesota. Grosss were $ 150 million, which represented over a 50 % growing in the last five old ages. The Fargo Clinic? s doctors represented 70 % of the sum in the market. In the mid-1980? s, they embarked on a rapid enlargement by buying many country primary attention centres. This has provided them with a solid base of much needed primary attention capacity from which to turn on. St. Luke? s Hospital is equipped with 357 staffed beds and 40 nursery bassinets. They are a third attention installation and the largest infirmary in North Dakota. Over 99 % of the admittances, which are served by their 2,400 employees, already come from doctors of the Fargo Clinic. In 1992, they had over 100,000 yearss of inpatient attention. The delivering installation delivered more that 1,500 babes in 1993. Market portion has steadily increased to 60 % of inpatient visits in their service country, with 60 % of them coming from Minnesota. St. Luke? s besides operates the Roger Maris Cancer Center, which provides attention to a larger part than the ague attention infirmary. Entire grosss have increased over 60 % in the last old ages, and they have a fund balance of over $ 69 million.Strengths In 1986, Fargo Clinic and St. Luke? s Hospital merged to make their biggest strength? an integrating of installations and services ( MeritCare ) . This eliminated duplicate, which allowed them to concentrate on other wellness attention schemes every bit good as cut costs. Radiology, Information systems, Plant operations, Human resources, Planning and selling, Housekeeping, Utility direction, Maintenance of equipment, and telecommunications are several countries in which MeritCare can consolidate and cut costs. St. Luke? s strengths besides include that they are the largest infirmary and private employer in North Dakota. As of 1993, outreach activities at St. Luke? s Hospital were established. These webs included such things as oncology ( 20 locations ) , exigency bosom services ( 30 locations ) and maternal kid attention ( 18 locations ) . These outreach activities will assist them to turn and beef up their market place. The Roger Maris Cancer Center is a strength of MeritCare. It provides malignant neoplastic disease intervention to people in three provinces, drawing patients from eastern North Dakota, northern South Dakota and western Minnesota. This has been a really successful venture increasing patient visits per month by 100. The strengths of the Fargo Clinic add important strength to the MeritCare amalgamation. One of the chief strengths of the clinic is that it is one of the largest multispecialty clinics in the state with 30 locations throughout North Dakota and Minnesota. It besides presents an incorporate, cost-efficient system of attention that should be built-in in obtaining profitable managed attention contracts. By holding the infirmary and clinic operating as one entity, the quality of attention should better with a slower rise in costs. This addition in quality of attention will better communit Y wellness attention and increase their patient load.Weaknesses A failing of MeritCare is shown through the non-integration of information systems. This undertaking has non been accomplished due to many precedences that are present. Once MeritCare is to the full integrated, information systems will be a major strength. Other failings include Fargo? s primary attention physician grosss are non sufficiently covering their operating expense and compensation disbursals. The clinic besides is short doctors in OB/GYN and some other forte services. The deficiency of doctors could do MeritCare to lose important sums of patients. A concluding failing of the clinic trades with its physician compensation. Its compensation is narrow when compared to other clinics. Due to regulative restraints compensation is a really complex and hard issue that needs legal audience involved throughout the procedure. Merely 20 per centum of the specializers in the clinic are paid in the upper scope of compensation benefits.Opportunities Opportunities that were triggered during the amalgamation are: ( 1 ) Health attention reform, ( 2 ) Changes in the market place, ( 3 ) Reimbursement for both doctors and infirmary, and ( 4 ) Structuring and pull offing joint ventures more efficaciously. These chances will take MeritCare to a perpendicular integrating, which will let them to take a higher quality of attention and slower rise in costs for the community. Vertical integrating will raise the populace? s involvement and increase MeritCare? s overall patient gross. Other chances of this amalgamation is an addition in efficiency of operation, streamlining of disposal, and the advantages of economic systems of graduated table. The consolidation of sections will assist MeritCare to be more efficient in their operations. The consolidation will let them to cut costs every bit good as streamline disposal. The amalgamation created economic systems of graduated table that allows them to order big sums of supplies at a discounted ra te. With the amalgamation, there will be increased capital for both organisations. They can utilize the capital for such things as a new integrated information and bringing system. This will let Fargo and St. Luke? s to hold better entree to information and be able to portion information between one another in a simple, fast mode. Physicians every bit good as patients can profit from such a system. Finally, MeritCare may desire to look into reentering managed attention. MeritCare may desire to see seeking to set up an HMO. With the amalgamation, there will now be more entree to the necessary capital, which will let them to supply preparation for doctors to work within an HMO environment and better the current informations systems.Threats There are several menaces that MeritCare may perchance confront. First, with the amalgamation between Fargo and St. Luke? s to organize MeritCare, there may be a cultural every bit good as managerial struggle. St. Luke? s had been a non for net income, community infirmary for many old ages while the Fargo Clinic had been made up of two for net income organisations. Differences in direction manners between the organisations could so be a grave job for MeritCare in the hereafter. The Fargo Moorhead runing country has traditionally been a traditional wellness insurance coverage country. The menace in this is that the development of Health Maintenance Organizations in the nearby Minneapolis-St. Paul country could alter the full payment procedure for MeritCare. The organisation may non be able to manage this displacement. In add-on, MeritCare is besides confronting problems with the current wage system. There is worsening reimbursement for both doctors and the infirmary due to DRGs. Another menace for the organisation is that they may hold a difficult clip keeping on to specializers. The ground for this is that specialist compensation is expected to diminish while primary attention doctors? compensation is expected to increase. This may do some specializer to go forth the country in hunt of greater compensation. Another menace that MeritCare may confront because of the amalgamation is the new authorities ordinances in structuring and pull offing joint ventures. The federal authorities has been doing it more hard for these types of amalgamations. Finally, other menaces for the organisation are that they could stop up losing patients due to the amalgamation. Even though competition has non been a major job in the yesteryear, if country occupants become unhappy with the amalgamation, so this may be a cause of concern in the future.Recommendation We recommend that when sing wellness attention reform and alterations in the market place, that MeritCare take a proactive attack. Easy entree to patients, quality of attention, client satisfaction, low-cost costs, and preventive steps need to be implemented in order for them to place themselves in front of the competition and increase their patient base.

The Passion Killer Essay Research Paper The free essay sample

The Passion Killer Essay, Research Paper The passion killerThe grade of a true disputant may be the ability to tilt back, fairy in oral cavity, and shrug that there # 8217 ; s nil that controversial about contention. Novelist and poet Michel Houellebecq has been hailed as France # 8217 ; s biggest literary find # 8211 ; and beginning of dirt # 8211 ; since Camus. Not merely has he sold some 300,000 transcripts of his 2nd novel, Les Particulaires El # 233 ; mentaires ( now translated as Atomised ) ; he has been attacked for it by both right and left, Catholics and Communists, natural enemies and former Alliess. It # 8217 ; s no large trade, he says. # 8220 ; Polemical debates go on all the clip in France. This was rather a large one, but any attentive reader of the Gallic imperativeness gets bored if there isn # 8217 ; t one every three months # 8211 ; it # 8217 ; s portion of the national character. I get bored with it. # 8221 ; It is exactly because of Houellebecq # 8217 ; s assault on the national character th at his readers hold him in such fear # 8211 ; or such disdain. We will write a custom essay sample on The Passion Killer Essay Research Paper The or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Atomised is an ambitious dissection of the modern Gallic societal mind that traces its uneases to the supposed annus Mirabilis, 1968. Countless Gallic fictions complain about that twelvemonth # 8217 ; s extremist dreams traveling amiss, but Houellebecq goes so far as to place soixante-huitisme as the beginning of the terminal for Gallic society. In Atomised, precious ideals of left and right likewise go to the wall # 8211 ; sexual self-fulfilment, New Age spiritualism, even such unimpeachable broad constructs as # 8220 ; human self-respect # 8221 ; and # 8220 ; advancement # 8221 ; . Houellebecq # 8217 ; s compelling and frequently vindictive saga of modern France, enacted in the grievously dissatisfactory lives of two stepbrothers, is flavoured with a misanthropy non seen in Gallic literature since C # 233 ; line. The Flaubertian clarity of Houellebecq # 8217 ; s composing persuades you that he # 8217 ; s something more than a deadly wind-up creative person, or worse, a k ind of literary Bernard Manning. Slight, shabby and 41, he barely looks a typical French-lit cult hero. The lone thing he has in common with Albert Camus is his chain-smoking. He distractedly tweaks his stringy, combed-over hair and ums and ahs hardly audibly. Presumably immature Gallic readers have tired of brassy nouveaux philosophes in open-neck shirts, and decided to seek a diffident Po # 232 ; te maudit of the old school. Quite apart from what Houellebecq # 8217 ; s novels say is the manner they say it: a strange, unstable blend of thinly disguised autobiography, brushing sociological tableau and difficult scientific treatise. There # 8217 ; s nil new about this attack, he insists. # 8220 ; Balzac neer hesitated to establish into his theories halfway through a book. The great advantage of a novel is you can set in whatever comes into your caput # 8211 ; it has the same form as the human brain. # 8221 ; Houellebecq # 8217 ; s attack is justified by the fact that he deals non so much with characters as with # 8220 ; diagnostic persons # 8221 ; who represent their age. If human dealingss are interrupting down, as he suggests in his first novel, Extension du Domaine de la Lutte ( translated as Whatever ) , so the old narratives of stormy passion are no longer possible: # 8220 ; We # 8217 ; re a long manner from Wuthering Heights. # 8221 ; In fact, Houellebecq insists, he # 8217 ; s a long manner from most novels # 8217 ; concerns. # 8220 ; I describe what happens to normal people # 8211 ; people whom nil particular happens to. # 8221 ; His characters either impetus robotically through mind-numbing twenty-four hours occupations, compulsively prosecute sexual bangs, or unrecorded lives of depressive humdrum, such as Michel, the scientist in Atomised, who however makes a find that changes the universe. # 8220 ; Active people don # 8217 ; t alter the universe deeply ; thoughts do, # 8221 ; Houellebecq says. # 8220 ; Napoleon is less of import in universe history than Jean-Jacques Rousseau. # 8221 ; There # 8217 ; s a certain acrimonious installation in Houellebecq # 8217 ; s satirising of bureaucratism and New Ageism likewise, but where his books truly ache for many Gallic readers is in the manner they present sex as a changeless beginning of sorrow, letdown, even madness. But, he points out, # 8220 ; Not looking for sexual satisfaction doesn # 8217 ; t take to a much better state of affairs, either. People don # 8217 ; t like the basic statement that non everyone succeeds in happening sexual satisfaction. It seems a really commonplace proposition to me, but that # 8217 ; s what shocks people # 8211 ; the image of also-rans in the sexual competition. # 8221 ; That is non all that dazes, nevertheless. The sentiments that Houellebecq airs, either through his characters or his narrative voice, frequently suggest, at the really least, borderline-paranoid rightist disdain for feminism, sexual freedom and youth civilization. One character even tries composing deadly racialist literature, although he finally decides it’s merely a cockamamie stage he’s traveling through. Houellebecq has been attacked as a ultraconservative, and Atomised got him thrown off the column board of the leftist review Perpendiculaires. He’s no ultraconservative, he insists, although there’s a touch of sophism to his defense mechanism. â€Å"A ultraconservative is person who wants to return to a old province – that’s neer a possibility in my books. For me, everything’s irreversible in the life of a society, every bit good as an individual’s.† Reputedly a former Marxist, Houellebecq claims he neer truly was one, and that these year ss he has no political place at all. â€Å"I don’t think political relations is that of import. Belief systems and technological revolutions are of import, but I don’t believe political determinations have the slightest consequence on events.† Both on and off the page, Houellebecq likes to offer such dry aggravations, as if make bolding you to think whether he truly has any difficult sentiments at all. â€Å"Any groups with a strong political orientation – communists or Catholics – will be split for and against me. That’s merely normal. You couldn’t agree ideologically with the whole of Atomised.† So is he merely a compulsive position-shifter, out to perplex and antagonize every possible cantonment? â€Å"No, I’d much instead everyone agreed with me. But it’s non up to me to do a measure towards others – it’s up to everyone else to come closer to me.† If Houellebecq is frequently confused with his characters, it is partially because their lifes overlap. Born on the isle of Reunion, Houellebecq, like the brothers in Atomised, was the boy of parents who pursued the hippy dream in the 60s and left him with his grandparents. The extravagant female parent in Atomised appears to be based on his ain ; when I ask if there’s an component of retaliation in the novel, he mutters a crisp â€Å"Yes. Definitely† . Like the hero of Whatever, he worked in computing machine admin, and suffered the stultifying effects of Gallic office life. â€Å"It’s non merely deep ennui. Along with the ennui, you’re obliged to sham enthusiasm. That’s what’s truly painful.† Like more than one of his characters, he had several depressive enchantments in mental infirmary, although, he claims, â€Å"I chiefly went to the head-shrinker to acquire clip off work. The job is, the people in the infirmaries are so much more interesting that sometimes you don†™t want to come out once more. Those topographic points suit me instead good – they’re non nerve-racking, and you can smoke every bit much as you like.† Houellebecq’s airs of bloody-minded intolerance has made him an improbable pop-culture star. He late released a Cadmium, Presence Humaine, on which he intones his poems Gainsbourg-style over Lou Reed-esque backup paths. A movie of Extension du Domaine de la Lutte was besides released last twelvemonth. Although it bombed in France ( excessively near to the book, some complained ) , it is more than respectable, and features the formidable sight of manager Philippe Harel in the lead, making a spot-on imitation of Houellebecq, nicotine fingers and all. Houellebecq packed in his computing machine occupation two old ages ago. He now lives in Dublin, and travels to Lanzarote ( the scene of his following book ) and Thailand ( the 1 after that ) . He has besides remarried, which suggests he is non wholly heartsic k about the possibility of love. He shrugs. â€Å"Given a person’s yesteryear, it’s normally bound to stop severely, but sometimes it can travel right.† For a apparently retiring misanthropist, this converted rock-star raver seems to hold taken to fame with singular assuredness. â€Å"I don’t suffer onslaughts of inordinate modestness, † he says. He admits that he has been affected by the emphasis of his new life. â€Å"I’m more impatient. Before, I was calm to the point of apathy.† So can his fans be reassured that his mentality hasn’t been precisely sweetened by success? â€Å"I don’t truly experience pessimistic, † he says. â€Å"Just realistic.†Atomised is published by Heinemann, monetary value? 12.99. The Cadmium Pr? sence Humaine is on the Tricatel label. The movie Whatever is released in the UK on September 1. 32c